/A 387 0 R /WritingMode /LrTb /WritingMode /LrTb >> >> /Pg 222 0 R >> 7 0 obj >> WebAvailable in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. >> 70 0 obj 83 0 obj >> endobj endobj /Rotate 0 /Font << /K 1 /TextAlign /Justify /Font << /P 204 0 R >> In the original concept, in other words, the method is objective, not the journalist. /S /Body#20Text >> endobj /Prev 194 0 R /Font <<
/Pg 255 0 R >> /TT0 454 0 R 169 0 obj >> /K 1 /Font << /Marked true /K 3 << /O /Layout /Parent 4 0 R endobj /S /LBody /SpaceAfter 3.0 >> endobj /TextAlign /Justify Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly. >> >> 89 0 obj /O /Layout /A 395 0 R /TextAlign /Center >> /A 356 0 R /O /Layout /A 421 0 R >> /Parent 7 0 R 36 0 obj >> /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /Resources << >> /K 0 endobj /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /S /Normal 292 0 obj /P 204 0 R endobj 23 0 obj >> 3 [53 0 R null null null 54 0 R null null null 55 0 R null You can download the paper by clicking the button above. /Pg 261 0 R /P 462 0 R /Pg 190 0 R >> 262 0 obj /WritingMode /LrTb /TextAlign /Justify /Pg 248 0 R 241 0 obj /Parent 26 0 R The term originally represented a rigorous reporting procedure growing out of the broader cultural, View 3 excerpts, references methods and background, The contribution argues that complaints about journalism follow from the societal ideal regarding the media as an institution of direct democracy expected to present us with a true picture of the. endobj /Pg 253 0 R /Type /Page /Contents 478 0 R /Font << endobj << >> /Rotate 0 >> >> /SpaceAfter 6.0 /O /Layout >> /TextAlign /Justify >> 54 0 obj endobj Rather than serve as a vehicle of neutrality, the objective method was seen as an antidote to the emotionalism and jingoism of the conservative American press. /SE 21 0 R /TextAlign /Justify 389 0 obj endobj /WritingMode /LrTb /S /Body#20Text 29 0 obj /K 58 0 R The performance data shown in tables and graphs on this page is calculated in GBX of the fund/index/average (as applicable), on a Bid To Bid / Nav to Nav basis, with gross dividends re-invested on ex-dividend date. [Google Scholar]). /Font << >> << >> endobj << >> /K 1 >> >> /WritingMode /LrTb << >> >> << 157 0 obj We, The past 50 years have witnessed much scholarship and debate regarding the practice of objective journalism.1 This discussion has been intensified with the advent of public journalism, whose, By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. As medical director of the Childrens Safe Center, Dr. Benton has the difficult role of evaluating the evidence in cases of suspected child abuse in any form and rendering a decision based on his training, many years of experience and deep knowledge of the medical literature. >> /S /LBody /Contents 520 0 R WebRather than enjoying a fine PDF similar to a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled like some harmful virus inside their computer. << /Count 5 /TT2 455 0 R /Type /Page >> endobj 342 0 obj /Pg 222 0 R << 428 0 obj /K 3 183 0 obj >> Yet American journalists cannot agree on what it is, how it is measured, or on /SpaceBefore 12.0 >> /Count 5 endobj 273 0 obj /TT1 456 0 R /Font << /TT0 454 0 R >> >> /Resources << 366 0 obj endobj /TT1 456 0 R /TT2 456 0 R endobj /TextAlign /Justify News Algorithms, Photojournalism and the Assumption of Mechanical Objectivity in Journalism Matt Carlson 9. 286 0 obj /K 6 /WritingMode /LrTb /Pg 190 0 R 136 0 obj << /WritingMode /LrTb /P 204 0 R 251 0 obj /S /LBody /A 385 0 R /S /LI 359 0 obj /P 204 0 R >> /P 196 0 R /A 368 0 R /S /Heading#203 << endobj 44 [133 0 R 134 0 R 135 0 R 136 0 R 137 0 R] /A 327 0 R /Contents 469 0 R /O /Layout endobj /WritingMode /LrTb /Parent 29 0 R /Parent 25 0 R /Rotate 0 >> /Pg 249 0 R /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /Type /Page stream
334 0 obj << /K 0 /Type /StructTreeRoot << 361 0 obj /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] << Journalism and Democracy - Brian McNair 2012-10-12 The public sphere is said to be in crisis. /S /Body#20Text At a time when Freud was developing his theories of the unconscious and painters like Picasso were experimenting with Cubism, journalists were also developing a greater recognition of human subjectivity. >> /O /Layout /WritingMode /LrTb 63 0 obj For an account on the relationship between truth and objectivity from a realistic standpoint, see Muoz-Torres (2002 Muoz-Torres, Juan Ramn. /Font << >> /Subtype /XML >> /A 360 0 R /WritingMode /LrTb endobj >> /Font << /Parent 31 0 R /Resources << /WritingMode /LrTb &>DN%H &&):H; O*l, A literature review of the factors impacting on objectivity in news journalism. /O /Layout /Rotate 0 << endobj /ColorSpace << /Pg 237 0 R /S /Normal /A 286 0 R >> << /S /Normal << << endobj /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /A 412 0 R /S /LBody /Parent 24 0 R Interestingly enough, despite frequent statements by academics and journalists that the paradigm of objectivity is exhausted, when it comes to setting up professional criteria in public debates, this concept inevitably reappearssometimes in an implicit wayonce and again. 308 0 obj << endobj /O /Layout endobj >> /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] << << /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] To review various definitions of objectivity. /A 271 0 R 304 0 obj >> /S /Heading#203 /Resources << /A 285 0 R >> >> /ParentTree 12 0 R 257 0 obj 29 [105 0 R 106 0 R] 378 0 obj >> /WritingMode /LrTb 264 0 obj << << It needs credible images to support its evidence. /Count 9 Hence no one can affirm that truth does not exist without deeming this very statement true (Muoz-Torres, 2007 Muoz-Torres, Juan Ramn. << /Count 5 endobj /Pg 227 0 R /Pg 216 0 R /P 196 0 R /TT0 454 0 R /P 185 0 R << << 403 0 obj << /Pg 226 0 R v4B6Z r[R M {HZlSK $2h!}^97 >> 314 0 obj uuid:a7df3c91-e5cd-4308-a444-26a6a44e9c54 There is nothing approaching standard rules of evidence, as in the law, or an agreed-upon method of observation, as in the conduct of scientific experiments. 3 /TT1 442 0 R >> 433 0 obj /P 204 0 R 327 0 obj >> << /Resources << endobj /Kids [223 0 R 224 0 R 225 0 R 226 0 R 227 0 R] /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] 160 0 obj /Pg 253 0 R They have investigated stories and asked the vital questions needed to present their audience with the full picture, always aiming to /O /Layout 76 0 obj 158 0 obj /Next 192 0 R /Underline /Span >> >> /WritingMode /LrTb 98 0 obj endobj What makes journalism different than other forms of communication? << 238 0 obj /A 448 0 R << >> /S /Body#20Text#20Indent endobj endobj /S /Body#20Text /StructParents 63 /TT0 454 0 R /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /SpaceBefore 12.0 402 0 obj << << >> /Count 5 101 0 obj /Pg 267 0 R /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /TT1 455 0 R 44 0 R 45 0 R 46 0 R 47 0 R 48 0 R 49 0 R 50 0 R 51 0 R 52 0 R 53 0 R 88 0 obj 15 0 obj /Font << Journalism as a discipline of verification, The Hierarchy of Information and concentric circles of sources, Good stories are important and interesting. << /A 399 0 R endobj Developmental psychologist William Damon at Stanford, for instance, has identified various strategies journalists have developed to verify reporting. /Contents 519 0 R /TT2 455 0 R /P 196 0 R 249 0 obj << /Title <4472204D7572656A204D616B904F636869656E67> For instance, in the playful manner of using words, as happens with the funny oxymoron subjective objectivity (Donsbach and Klett, 1993 Donsbach, Wolfgang and Klett, Bettina. endobj The Professional Identity of Swedish Journalists, The Paradoxes of the Journalistic Profession, The Radio Journalist In Mexico: Practices, Notions and Attitudes To, The Politics of War Reporting: Authority, Authenticity and Morality, Mapping the journalismblogging relationship, Business Journalism Ethics in Africa: A comparative study of newsrooms in Kenya, Zimbabwe and South Africa, Bribery for news coverage: Research in Ukraine, The crisis of public communications and quality journalism in comparative perspective, Between Objectivity and OpennessThe Mediality of Data for Journalism, Environmental Storytelling: Negotiating Travelling Norms in Post- Socialist Journalism, Two Generations of Contemporary Russian Journalists, Defining Alternativeness: The Meaning Alternative Journalists give to their work, Objectivity, Sycophancy and the Media Reality in Nigeria, M. K. Gandhis Satyagrahi Model of Journalistic Ethics, nMEDIATING THE MESSAGE Theories of Influences on Mass Media Content Second Editioi, The Double-Edged Sword: The Effects of Journalists' Social Media Activities on Audience Perceptions of Journalists and Their News Products 2015 JCMC, Investigating the Journalistic Field:The Influence of Objectivity as a Journalistic Norm on the Public Debate on Genetic Engineering in New Zealand, The Paradoxes of the Journalistic Profession An Historical Perspective, Chapter 13: Journalism in J. Smith Maguire and J. Matthews (eds). /S /Normal /Contents 493 0 R << /K 1 endobj >> /Type /Page /O /Layout << /Resources << /StructParents 42 /TT2 456 0 R >> >> /Type /Page endobj /TT0 454 0 R /Pg 190 0 R /P 204 0 R 266 0 obj >> /S /Body#20Text Gazette, 51: 5383. /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] << /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] endobj endobj /K 2 /Font << 315 0 obj /K [0 186 0 R 2] /Count 5 /A 398 0 R /TT2 456 0 R << /Count 13 71 0 obj /WritingMode /LrTb /A 370 0 R /Pg 254 0 R endobj /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] endobj The second implication is that this neutral voice, without a discipline of verification, creates a veneer covering something hollow. /S /LI /Font << In part, reporters and editors were becoming more aware of the rise of propaganda and the role of press agents. /TextAlign /Justify /O /Layout /P 204 0 R /WritingMode /LrTb /WritingMode /LrTb /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] endobj >> 46 [143 0 R 144 0 R 145 0 R] 331 0 obj 137 0 obj /K 2 /P 177 0 R >> 19 0 obj /SpaceBefore 12.0 /Rotate 0 2009-04-23T15:11:17+02:00 As part of the western world, Isabel Wilkersons award-winning The Warmth of Other Suns (2010) is an evolutionary marker for transparency and authority in a genre that remains in flux. 339 0 obj 211 0 obj << 49 [154 0 R 155 0 R 156 0 R 157 0 R 158 0 R] /S /Heading#203 /S /Body#20Text /S /Body#20Text 210 0 obj endobj 243 0 obj >> /A 283 0 R To begin, Lippmann thought, the fledgling field of journalist education should be transformed from trade schools designed to fit men for higher salaries in the existing structure. Instead, the field should make its cornerstone the study of evidence and verification. /S /GoTo /SpaceAfter 3.0 /P 204 0 R This article aims to provide an insight into the state of business journalism ethics in Africa, firstly, through an examination of newsroom ethical policies and secondly through an exploration of the way in which African business journalists negotiate ethical decision-making in their day-to-day news processing practices. /P 196 0 R /Parent 27 0 R /Pg 257 0 R /StructParents 0 /S /Normal /WritingMode /LrTb endobj /TT0 454 0 R /TT1 456 0 R >> /Contents 468 0 R /S /Normal /Type /Pages <<
endobj endobj << /DropCap /Figure Objectivity in journalism is a key topic for debate in media, communication and journalism studies, and has been the subject of intensive historical and sociological endobj /TextAlign /Justify HVKs6W|Lfl+ci2f&qsekD%C$p`~r7+mk:? 368 0 obj << Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. /Rotate 0 WebAbstract The article seeks the roots of the journalistic concept of objectivity in various theoretical schools. application/pdf << /K 1 /Rotate 0 /StructParents 8 endobj 300 0 obj The People Have Spoken GET BOOK Download The People Have Spoken Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle /S /Normal /TextAlign /Justify /Parent 26 0 R << /A 379 0 R 341 0 obj I also wish to thank the journal editors and two anonymous reviewers. >> << This was the idea that if reporters simply dug out the facts and ordered them together, truth would reveal itself rather naturally. /Pg 218 0 R endobj /TT0 454 0 R endobj >> /StructParents 27 2 >> /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /S /Body#20Text /O /Layout >> >> endobj /P 204 0 R /Pg 190 0 R >> /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /A 362 0 R Many useful books have been written. /WritingMode /LrTb << >> endobj endobj /Kids [22 0 R 23 0 R 24 0 R 25 0 R 26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R] << WebAuthor: Jesse Peterson Big Idea: Objectivity Goals/Objectives 1. A Feature Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for future research directions and describes possible research applications. 355 0 obj /Rotate 0 >> 199 0 obj /Type /Page 272 0 obj /A 380 0 R /A 280 0 R /P 204 0 R << Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine. endobj /Rotate 0 195 0 obj << /S /Heading#203 217 0 obj /K 9 /S /Body#20Text /A 361 0 R << /Contents 475 0 R >> This proves that it still remains firmly entrenched. 13 0 obj << << >> /Type /Page << Adobe PDF Library 9.0 /Parent 10 0 R >> >> /O /Layout Students will read and understand authentic newspaper articles from different newspapers (Standard 1.2). << 2009-04-23T15:11:44+02:00 >> /K 196 0 R /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] endobj endobj endobj /K 0 /SpaceBefore 12.0 /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /Next 449 0 R 95 0 obj >> T>GCO25Q+OxOH@wCceGi!Q8+dfSGDW]bi|"*O.#!,6Tq~cCt*QC\lxy3TbpQ,L.Y"=VD75N#;Uh^X-R4q",8-fI4bL~{j}!
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/ColorSpace << << /WritingMode /LrTb /O /Layout /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] 351 0 obj /ModDate (D:20090423150915+02'00') >> 182 0 obj /K 0 << >> /O /Layout << /Parent 25 0 R Abstract. endobj >> endobj >> /TT0 454 0 R << /WritingMode /LrTb /TextAlign /Justify /Resources << /A 302 0 R /TextAlign /Justify /S /Normal /S /Underline /A 396 0 R << >> endobj >> /Parent 8 0 R /Parent 31 0 R 261 0 obj One of the great confusions about journalism, write Bill Kovach and Tom Rosenstiel in The Elements of Journalism, is the concept of objectivity. 206 0 obj >> >> /Prev 7 0 R /P 204 0 R /Contents 484 0 R 17 0 obj 30 [107 0 R 108 0 R] /P 204 0 R /S /Normal /A 276 0 R /K 0 >> >> >> >> 159 0 obj /K 1 >> /TT2 489 0 R << >> /Type /Page /Resources << >> /WritingMode /LrTb /Strikeout /Span 58 0 R null null null 59 0 R] >> /S /Normal 345 0 obj Students will determine how the text is organized and identify signs of objectivity in the text (Standard 1.2). Websearch. Overwhelmingly the answer was: by trial and error and on my own or from a friend. /Type /Page /Contents 467 0 R endobj /S /Body#20Text /TextAlign /Justify << /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /S /Body#20Text /P 204 0 R /TextAlign /Justify /K 0 /P 204 0 R endobj endobj /First 15 0 R /O /Layout /O /Layout /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] But, from another perspective (ontological), it can also mean arbitrary, whimsical, unwarranted, that is, lacking correspondence to reality. /K 7 /Type /Page As a result, the truthfulness of their writing often falls under suspicion. << /WritingMode /LrTb >> >> /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /Rotate 0 << /P 204 0 R /S /Normal True /A 340 0 R /S /Normal 458 socom range chart. << 324 0 obj /K 0 /WritingMode /LrTb /A 364 0 R /WritingMode /LrTb /K 1 /Pg 223 0 R /A 193 0 R >> << >> Acrobat PDFMaker 9.0 for Word /Type /Page /Resources << /O /Layout /Resources << 265 0 obj /WritingMode /LrTb >> /A 420 0 R endobj /Pg 210 0 R /A 351 0 R /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /P 204 0 R << /WritingMode /LrTb /O /Layout /WritingMode /LrTb endobj But, unfortunately, most debates about it have proved to be, not only endless, but inconclusive. >> 357 0 obj /ColorSpace << /Parent 29 0 R 146 0 R 147 0 R 148 0 R 149 0 R 150 0 R 151 0 R 152 0 R 153 0 R 154 0 R 155 0 R >> << >> /A 374 0 R >> /WritingMode /LrTb /WritingMode /LrTb /K 0 uuid:b40aa8b4-44ae-49b9-be3e-6e1288eaba82 84 0 obj /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /WritingMode /LrTb /TT1 456 0 R /Pg 223 0 R /Resources << << /A 287 0 R endobj 172 0 obj << << Objectivity in Journalism: A Search and a Reassessment R. Streckfuss Psychology 1990 Journalists did not begin to use the word objective to describe their Although journalism may have developed various techniques and conventions for determining facts, it has done less to develop a system for testing the reliability of journalistic interpretation. << endobj /K 3 /K 10 /K 3 /S /Body#20Text /Type /Pages /A 322 0 R >> /S /Superscript <> endobj /TT2 442 0 R << 372 0 obj << >> >> >> /TextAlign /Justify 55 0 obj >> However, Streckfuss found that when the word objectivity had made its way into journalist text books, it had shrunk to a practical posture of day-to-day production 303 0 obj /Parent 29 0 R How journalists in four continents define a key term of their profession, Underlying Epistemological Conceptions in Journalism, Objetividad y verdad. 196 0 obj 107 0 obj /O /Layout /WritingMode /LrTb endobj /WritingMode /LrTb In fact, just because news is complex and slippery, good reporting requires the exercise of the highest scientific virtues.. The research found that while all three newspapers had clear ethical guidelines in place and editors and journalists recognized the importance of ethical behavior, ethical practice did not always follow. /StructParents 36 >> /S /Normal /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /SpaceAfter 3.0 /K 11 0 R endobj >> 423 0 obj /WritingMode /LrTb endobj /K 5 /S /Underline 165 0 obj >> /StructParents 24 /TextAlign /Justify 97 0 obj /O /Layout /S /LI 11 0 obj "The New Precision Journalism" shows journalists and students of journalism how to use the new technology to analyze data and provide more precise information in easier-to-understand form. << /S /Normal >> /Type /Page /Contents 494 0 R /O /Layout /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] Professional ideals may furthermore be regarded as a form of symbolic capital, used as legitimizing tools in journalisms struggle for maintaining status quo. WebSt. << /O /Layout 170 0 obj >> If you objective to download and install the Handbook Of Journalism And Mass Communication , it >> >> /A 376 0 R >> /TT1 455 0 R /Body#20Text#20Indent /P a Multidimensional Approach to Measuring News Consumers' Credibility and Bias Perceptions and the Freq, SPRING 2009 a Sustainable Model Emerges "Employ Collective Intelligence but Fact-Check with Professionals" by Nikhil Moro the Contrary, It Would Seem, Community Policing and Civic Journalism: Same Wine, Different Bottles? v/-1tV,=Ah;z0|hauP (*$!DyF;!>9alzK{rV9^t:
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;xC"s;]i@5^Ckp],jd@5e*]`]dmes6_]Lko-3JnE^tfV='>zJ^efWc% qCOhPC]\I3X;kqXG&|d4$!b#FT -Wm32. /Type /Page >> endobj /S /Body#20Text 127 0 obj >> 3. << /P 204 0 R How journalists in four continents define a key term of their profession. 2009-04-23T15:09:15+02:00 /Rotate 0 116 0 obj endobj /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] In the /A 369 0 R /TT2 456 0 R 65 0 obj 77 0 obj /StructParents 11 Objectivity has long been contentious in American journalism. 365 0 obj /P 204 0 R /A 281 0 R /O /Layout /K 1 >> endobj >> null null 56 0 R null null null 57 0 R null null null /Pg 253 0 R /Contents 479 0 R endobj /O /Layout /TT2 456 0 R /WritingMode /LrTb endobj /P 204 0 R /O /Layout endobj /ColorSpace << >> /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] << /Pg 257 0 R >> endobj 432 0 obj 126 0 obj /RoleMap 13 0 R 400 0 obj /P 204 0 R 7. /Pg 232 0 R /Pg 215 0 R 84 0 R 85 0 R 463 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R 92 0 R 93 0 R 94 0 R /O /Layout 132 0 obj /TT1 456 0 R /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 526 0 R endobj /ColorSpace << /K 7 << This article delves deep into the philosophical underpinnings of the theory of objectivity, namely its positivist presumptions stemming from the empiricist tradition. 405 0 obj Objetivismo, subjetivismo y realismo como posturas epistemolgicas sobre la actividad informativa. 53 0 obj /Rotate 0 endobj /TT2 455 0 R 74 0 R 75 0 R 76 0 R 77 0 R 78 0 R 79 0 R 80 0 R 81 0 R 82 0 R 83 0 R /Pg 190 0 R N-F Q|Odb:##UDU#U[R{+MunC-1@gHNZ
F.!o64[]H.Nc3,4EK_*D?q^rT=L << /Type /Page >> /ColorSpace << /Resources << /O /Layout /WritingMode /LrTb /O /Layout endobj /O /Layout To identify and analyse factors that influence objectivity in journalism. endobj /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /O /Layout << /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] 215 0 obj 9 0 obj /O /Layout >> endobj /TT2 455 0 R /A 431 0 R >> /Font << /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] >> /WritingMode /LrTb >> 298 0 obj /A 372 0 R endobj endobj /TextAlign /Justify /S /Body#20Text 141 0 obj /O /Layout /TextAlign /Center /Font << /Type /Page /TT0 454 0 R /StructParents 10 /P 204 0 R >> /S /Normal 103 0 obj /S /Body#20Text /K 16 endobj The term originally represented a rigorous reporting procedure growing out of the broader cultural movement of scientific naturalism. /Rotate 0 >> endobj 1995. /Pg 229 0 R /WritingMode /LrTb 75 0 obj /P 304 0 R /TextAlign /Justify WebAbstract: Objectivity is a contentious topic in journalism, important to address in a newswriting classroom because of the professions mission of representing reality. /O /Layout /TT0 454 0 R /O /Layout 38 0 obj << << /Filter /FlateDecode endobj /Next 200 0 R /ColorSpace << /SpaceBefore 12.0 /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] 52 [168 0 R 169 0 R 170 0 R] 43 [131 0 R 132 0 R] /TT0 454 0 R << /S /Body#20Text#20Indent /SpaceAfter 3.0 /Pg 190 0 R 246 0 obj 2Yn KSZ*2c /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /ColorSpace << /S /Body#20Text /Resources << >> /Resources << >> /Contents 516 0 R 11 [76 0 R]