by B Kummer 2021 Cited by 2 - We analyzed metadata tags from MDCalc's calculator use data to the CHA2DS2-VASc score for atrial fibrillation stroke risk calculator, The older CHADS2 Score was designed to identify high risk patients for warfarin, but many common (and important) stroke risk factors in AF are not included, How to find perimeter and area of a trapezoid, Use properties and mental math to find the sum of 204 87 3 and 16. . The CHA2DS2-VASc Score for AF calculator is created by QxMD. Chest 2010, 137 (2): 263-72. For the rest of the cases, please look at the table below. If you're struggling to clear up a math equation, try breaking it down into smaller, more manageable pieces. Plz download this app if u don't want to waste your time calculating the numbers using a calculator, i am taking Intermediate Algebra as a graduation requirement to get my college degree. CHA2DS2-Vasc calculator is a useful tool to assess your patient with atrial fibrillation. Press 'Calculate' to view calculation results. The presence of signs and symptoms of either right or left ventricular. HTN = 1 pt A key point in clarifying this component is to define "systemic embolism". Practice Pearls: Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke Risk. It is used mainly in patients with atrial fibrillation, but there are reports that it might be useful for other medical conditions, such as sick sinus syndrome. Validation study included 1,084 patients with non-valvular AF, not on anticoagulation, over age 18 with EKG or Holter diagnosed AF in the ambulatory and hospital settings from 182 hospitals in 35 countries from 2003 to 2004 and had known thromboembolic status at 1 year from the Euro Heart Survey database. Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor-based approach: the euro heart survey on atrial fibrillation. A subsequent study examining the performance of CHA. Age 75 years = 2 pts MDCalc loves calculator creators - researchers who, through intelligent and often complex methods, discover tools that describe scientific facts that can then be applied in practice. There's nothing more frustrating than being stuck on a math problem. For educational purposes only. It's arguably the best validated and is consistently, Expert instructors will give you an answer in real-time. You can save time by doing things efficiently. Also, the scale is not yet set in stone - scientific reports are trying to add obstructive sleep apnea as another major stroke risk factor to CHA2DS2-Vasc. 2010 Dec;41(12):2731-8. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.590257. First published in 2001, the CHADS 2 score (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age 75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke [double weight]) was developed to more accurately predict the risk. Its basically CHADS-VAS with the two subscripts put on the two letters in the first part that repeat in the second part. The ORBIT score is not superior to the HAS-BLED score (see the "Evidence Appraisal" section), but it was derived more recently and has been validated in the era of direct oral anticoagulants, so it may be more useful. The technical part of using our calculator is very simple - just mark all the conditions that your patient presents with a 'Yes', and your CHA2DS2-Vasc score will appear at the bottom of the calculator right away. MDCalc loves calculator creators researchers who, through intelligent and often complex methods, discover tools that describe scientific facts that can then be applied in practice. plaque). CHADS2-VASc Score: Stroke Risk Assessment in A. Fib. CHADS score used only seven factors (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age 75, diabetes, prior stroke/thromboembolism/TIA), and the maximum result was 6. In both scoring systems, a score of 0 is "low" risk of stroke, 1 is "moderate", and any score above 1 is a "high" risk. The ORBIT score can be used in conjunction with the CHA 2DS 2-VASc score to risk You may notice that most of the stroke risk factors are major bleeding factors as well. CHADSVASC, CHA2DS2VASC and HASBLED risk score calculator for atrial fibrillation Chadsvasc risk factors [click on present risk factors] CHADSVASC clinical risk estimation. Intuitively, the larger the patient's score in the CHA2DS2-Vasc calculator, the greater the risk of inauspicious incidents. MDCalc recommends the CHA. Luckily, to make clinical decisions easier, we have scales to help us. The result can be used to determine whether or not treatment is required with anticoagulation therapy or antiplatelet therapy. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trust- worthy health information: verify here. However, 54.9% respondents chose the wrong answer'office/clinic BP above 140/90mmHg or 130/ 85mmHg(ifdiabetic)'forthe'H'element(seeFigure 2). 2015. Please be aware that the CHA2DS2Vasc risk score is only validated in non-valvular atrial fibrillation! Adding the numbers '2' to the name is meant to help doctors memorize the scale, in this case - which stroke risk factors carry two points. When is the CHA2DS2-Vasc calculator used? Used previously developed Birmingham 2009 schema, under the acronym CHA. This is crucial, especially in patients with only one stroke risk factor. (!) The researchers took into consideration not only the stroke risk but also other incidents, such as peripheral embolism or TIA - transient ischaemic attack. The CHA2DS2-Vasc score is a medical scale used to assess the risk of ischaemic stroke and other vascular incidents (e.g., TIA - transient ischaemic attack) in patients with underlying atrial fibrillation. But, if they mention the 'CHADS score', they might think of the older version of the scale. oral anticoagulation should be considered (!). The name of the scale is an acronym of the risks. It isn't perfect, it still struggles once on awhile but overall it is incredibly helpful. The SEAL team works directly with . This is why treating and controlling the factors that can be is so important. CHADSVASC clinical risk estimation. We strive to deliver products of the highest quality to our customers. These are real scientific discoveries about the nature of the human body, which can be invaluable to physicians taking care of patients. x. CHA 2 DS 2. A "good" C statistic is usually at least 0.7 or better, indicating than neither system is particularly accurate in predicting stroke risk. Identifying patients at high risk for stroke despite anticoagulation: a comparison of contemporary stroke risk stratification schemes in an anticoagulated atrial fibrillation cohort. (2004 . All factors have a different significance, so this should be taken into account. Concomitantly, you should fill in the HAS-BLED score. Click here to use it on MDCalc.com. These patients could have had thromboembolic events, causing them to be lost to follow-up. These are real scientific discoveries about the nature of the human body, which can be invaluable to physicians taking care of patients. However, with a little bit of practice, anyone can learn to solve them. DM = 1 pt The CHA 2 DS 2 -VAS c score calculates the stroke risk for patients with atrial fibrillation, possibly better than the CHADS 2 score. This Chads vasc score rechner medcalc helps to fast and easily solve any math problems. JACC. Oral anticoagulation is recommended for a CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score of 2 or greater (Table 2). By taking a step-by-step approach, you can more easily see what's going on and how to solve the problem. Adapted from Pisters et al. Privacy Policy, Calculates stroke risk for patients with atrial fibrillation, possibly better than the, Calcs that help predict probability of a disease, Subcategory of 'Diagnosis' designed to be very sensitive, Disease is diagnosed: prognosticate to guide treatment. The CHA 2 DS 2-VASc score (Birmingham 2009) was developed after identifying additional stroke risk factors in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).. Go to the MDCalc CHA 2 DS 2-VASc Score for Atrial Fibrillation Stroke Risk.. Notes. HAS-BLED Calculator for Atrial Fibrillation. Stanford Emerging Apps Lab integrates the MdCalc CHADS-VASc Risk Calculator into Epic Shreya Shah, M.D.. . The acronym CHA2DS2-VASc stands for, MDCalc recommends the CHA2DS2-VASc score over the original CHADS2 score to assess stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation. Management of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome and/or undergoing percutaneous coronary or valve interventions: a joint consensus document of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Thrombosis, European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI) and European Association of Acute Cardiac Care (ACCA) endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) and Asia-Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS). Looking for an answer to your question? Before administering any drugs, fluids, or treatment to your patient, make sure you know the dose and the method. There was no statistically significant difference found between the CHA. We're here to help you! First, it's worth mentioning that the CHA2DS2-Vasc score (represented here) is built on the background of the CHADS score (or CHADS2 to be precise). This special situation may not be intuitive with the CHA2DS2-VASc scoring system. CHADSVASC, CHA2DS2VASC and HASBLED risk score The older CHADS2 Score was designed to identify high risk patients for warfarin, but many common (and important) stroke risk factors in AF . The presence of signs and symptoms of either right or left ventricular . 2014 Aug 25. pii: ehu298. 2023 - ClinCalc LLC. With our tool for calculating the CHA2DS2-Vasc stroke risk, clinical assessment is faster and easier. when to use pearls/pitfalls why use age . Atrial fibrillation is a growing medical problem that affects a large part of the population. By Jonas de Jong, MD, PhD, cardiologist. Helps with math alot well i mostly use it for homework 5/5 recommendation im not a bot, so if anyone thinks that this is only for students or for those who are weak in mathematics then for your kindly info I score usually between 90 to 100 percent and still its useful if you don't have any books. Prior to the study, 2 there were conflicting data regarding independent risk factors and their importance in predicting the risk of stroke. Lip GY, Nieuwlaat R, Pisters R, Lane DA, Crijns HJ. It's basically CHADS-VAS with the two subscripts put on the two letters in the first part that repeat in the second part. Lip GY, Nieuwlaat R, Pisters R, Lane DA, Crijns HJ. CHADSVASC, CHA2DS2VASC and HASBLED risk score calculator for atrial fibrillation. However, this tool can never replace a professional doctor's assessment. The SEAL team works directly with clinicians . CHA2DS2-VASc Score. Taking a medical history and a close examination are the best tool for any doctor in this case. In general, a CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score of 1 should warrant strong consideration for full oral anticoagulation. 2-VASc score. The CHADS-VASc score can be considered an extension of the CHADS2 scheme by considering additional stroke risk factors that may influence a decision whether . Click here to use it on MDCalc.com. MNEMONICS. Apps Lab integrates the MdCalc CHADS-VASc Risk Calculator into Epic risk calculator, clinicians can call up the SEAL CHA 2DS 2-VASc Score for 892 PhD Experts 9 . In one study, 10% of patients with a score of zero were found to have left atrial appendage thrombi on transesophageal echocardiography. The CHADS2-VASc system, with having three more potential variables, inevitably classifies more patients into a high-risk group. Sex Female =1; Male=0, Designed by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPress. One way to think about math equations is to think of them as a puzzle. Vascular disease (e.g. Copyright 2021 GlobalRPH - Web Development by. As shown in the diagram below, CHADS2-VASc classifies the same patient group into a higher risk category compared to CHADS2.1. The CHA2DS2-Vasc score is a medical scale used to assess the risk of ischaemic stroke and other vascular incidents (e.g., TIA - transient ischaemic attack) in patients with underlying atrial fibrillation. Adapted from Lip et al. But don't worry, there are ways to clarify the problem and find the solution. If you're struggling with math, don't forget that you can also solve word problems. I have not had the opportunity to see what else This app offers but I am happy so far, my grades have been higher since I started to use this so thank you. Assistant professor mathematics recruitment, How to find parametric equations of a circle, Sample first grade math questions for kahoot, The seven mathematical unsolvable problems, Volume of solid of revolution around y axis calculator, What does supplementary angles mean in geometry. The presence of signs and symptoms of either right or left ventricular Get Started. A and S are the only two repeating numbers in the whole score. When one piece is missing, it can be difficult to see the whole picture. Each increase in CHADS2-VASc was shown to predict ischemic stroke rate per year in a linear fashion: In a comparison study of multiple risk assessment tools for atrial fibrillation, CHA2DS2-VASc did not seem to outperform CHADS2. Van den Ham et al. Stanford Emerging Apps Lab integrates the MdCalc CHADS-VASc Risk Calculator into Epic Shreya Shah, M.D.. HASBLED clinical characteristic [click on present risk factors]. The CHADS-VASc score can be considered an extension of the CHADS2 scheme by considering additional stroke risk factors that may influence a, CHA2DS2-VASc Score The CHA2DS2-VASc score calculates the stroke risk for patients with atrial fibrillation, possibly better than the CHADS2 score. Patients with 0 point, or 1 point if they are a woman, are patients with 'isolated atrial fibrillation'. It risk stratifies these . Click here. If you want to improve your performance, you need to focus on your theoretical skills. The 1-year absolute risk of thromboembolism was 0.5% among men and women with a CHA 2 DS 2 -VA score of 0 and increased up to >7% among very comorbid patients (score >5). Mathematics is the study of numbers, shapes, and patterns. Classificaton of AF-related symptoms (EHRA score), Mild symptoms; normal daily activity not affected, Severe symptoms; normal daily activity affected, Disabling symptoms; normal daily activity discontinued. The CHADS2 score and its updated version, the CHA2DS2-VASc score, are clinical prediction rules for estimating the risk of stroke in people with . official version of the modified score here. Atrial fibrillation is a growing medical problem that affects a large part of the population. treated hypertension on medication), Vascular disease (previous MI, The CHADS-VASc score can be considered an extension of the CHADS2 scheme by considering additional stroke risk factors that may influence a decision whether. EHRA / EACT / ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines. Math can be a difficult subject for many people, but it doesn't have to be! Math app got it the first time. Those at particularly high risk for a TE event may have been already anticoagulated by their PMD, potentially skewing the TE rates. If your patient presents a condition, select 'Yes', Lip GYH, Nieuwlaat R, Pisters R, Lane DA, Crijns HJGM, American Heart Association has recommended it, The Swedish Atrial Fibrillation cohort study, 'simple, broadly applicable, but with many potential detriments', Check out 37 similar cardiovascular system calculators , A note about confusing scale names - CHADSVasc score, CHADSVasc calculator, CHADS score. CHADSVASC, CHA2DS2VASC and HASBLED risk score calculator for atrial fibrillation. . In these patients (female < 65 years old without other risk factors), antithrombotic therapy should not be given. 2 The one exception, however, is in patients who have a score of 1 due to gender alone. Though there are seven stroke risk factors included in the CHA2DS2-Vasc scale, the recommendations divide the patients into only three groups, depending on the points scored. In general, a CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score of 1 should warrant strong consideration for full oral anticoagulation. It is used on every patient with atrial fibrillation before anticoagulant therapy is administered. Adapted from Lip et al. Suggestions for improvement are welcome at: Pisters R, Lane DA, Nieuwlaat R, de Vos CB, Crijns HJ, Lip GY. A novel user- friendly score (HAS-BLED) to assess one-year risk of major bleeding in atrial fibrillation patients: The Euro Heart Survey. A high CHADS 2 score corresponds to . The CHADS2 score and its updated version, the CHA2DS2-VASc score, are clinical prediction rules for estimating the risk of stroke in people with . - despite suggestions, clinical judgment and individual approach should always have the last word while making medical decisions. Apps Lab integrates the MdCalc CHADS-VASc Risk Calculator into Epic risk calculator, clinicians can call up the SEAL CHA 2DS 2-VASc Score for . By taking the time to explain the problem and break it down into smaller pieces, anyone can learn to solve math problems. The CHA2DS2-VASc Score for for Atrial Fibrillation Stroke Risk calculates stroke risk for patients with atrial fibrillation, possibly better than the CHADS2, The CHADS2 score and its updated version, the CHA2DS2-VASc score, are clinical prediction rules for estimating the risk of stroke in people with. It is used to solve problems in a variety of fields, from engineering to economics. Signs/symptoms of heart failure confirmed with objective evidence of cardiac dysfunction, Resting BP > 140/90 mmHg on at least 2 occasions, Fasting glucose > 125 mg/dL or treatment with oral hypoglycemic agent and/or insulin, Includes any history of cerebral ischemia. CHF = 1pt If you want to improve your math skills, the best way is to practice as often as possible. To assess the risk of stroke, we use CHA2DS2-Vasc, and to evaluate the risk of major bleeding , we use the HAS-BLED score calculator. CHADSVASC, CHA2DS2VASC and HASBLED risk score. The interaction was statistically significant ( P <0.001). Guidelines recommend initiation of oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with a CHA 2 DS 2-VASc score 2 (males) and 3 (females) for lowering stroke risk (IA), while OAC in patients with a CHA 2 DS 2-VASc score of 0 is not recommended (IIIB) [1].. OAC should be considered (IIaB) for AF patients with a CHA 2 DS 2-VASc score of 1 (males) and of 2 (females . HASBLED clinical risk estimation. . Have you ever had a hard clinical decision to make? 2010 Oct;12(10):1360-420. doi: 10.1093/europace/euq350. Very helpful during the math questions, would recommend. Mathematics is a subject that can be difficult to master, but with the right approach it can be an incredibly rewarding experience. Major international AF guidelines recommend the CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score [congestive heart failure, hypertension, age 75 (doubled), diabetes, previous stroke/transient ischaemic attack/thromboembolism (doubled), vascular disease, age: 65-74, sex (female)] as the stroke risk assessment tool in patients with AF. 3,4 Indeed, a Patient-Centred Practice Pearls: Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke Risk. CHADSVASC, CHA2DS2VASC and HASBLED risk score calculator for atrial fibrillation. The presence of signs and symptoms of either right or left ventricular failure or both, confirmed by non-invasive. MDCalc recommends the CHA2DS2-VASc score over the original CHADS2 score to assess stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation. Chest. Age 65-74 years = 1 Use the inverse matrix to solve this system of equations. chads2 the chads 2 score does not include some common stroke risk factors, and its various pros/cons have been carefully discussed. For predicting the need for anticoagulation in people diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, the CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score was retained as the recommended stroke risk tool (fig 1) because it was the most accurate tool for discriminating between those at risk of stroke and those not at risk. PAD, MI, aortic plaque) = 1pt Please select CHADSVASC and HASBLED risk factors, EHRA score and click copy to clipboard to copy and paste in your electronic files, Chadsvasc risk factors [click on present risk factors]. Except that the second S means sex, not stroke. The cha 2 ds 2 -vasc score is a widely used medical tool used to guide physicians on blood thinning treatment to prevent stroke in people with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (af) . Since then, the American Heart Association has recommended it. Check our CVD 10-year risk calculator to see if your patient has a high chance of developing one. HONcode standard for trust- worthy health, Pediatric Oncology: Diagnosis And Prognosis Communication, Congestive heart failure (or Left ventricular systolic dysfunction), Hypertension: blood pressure consistently above 140/90 mmHg (or It is used to solve problems in a variety of fields, including science, engineering, and business. You can always count on us for help, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. . Get detailed step-by-step resolutions to your computer issues with our easy-to-use searchable database. by A Gaov 2019 Cited by 21 - The CHA2DS2-VASc score is a point-based system used to stratify the risk of stroke in AF patients. It is important to notice, that if someone refers to 'CHADSVasc score' or 'CHADSVasc calculator', they mean this scale. Risk Scores Predicting Stroke in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. There was a need for improvement - and so the CHA2DS2-Vasc was created. Estimates stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation. anticoagulation based on CHA2DS2-VASc score anticoagulation may be with apixaban, dabigatran etexilate, rivaroxaban or a vitamin K antagonist consider anticoagulation for men with a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 1. CHADS2-VAsc calculator for evaluating ischemic stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation. CHA2DS2-VASc Score The CHA2DS2-VASc score calculates the stroke risk for patients with atrial fibrillation, possibly better than the CHADS2 score. See Van den Ham et al. End point used was stroke or other thromboembolic event. The older CHADS2 Score was designed to identify high risk patients for warfarin, but many common (and important) stroke risk factors in AF are not included. HASBLED clinical characteristic [click on present risk factors] The CHA2DS2-Vasc Score is one of the most widely-used clinical risk scores for stroke. Risk of ischaemic stroke (%) per one year, Risk of stroke/ TIA/ peripheral embolism (%) per one year. The explanations for the solutions are coherent. Find more in the last section of the text. Not only does it give you the answer it tells you every step you need to know and the definitions of the words that you may not know. Most of the CHA2DS2-Vasc stroke risk factors are factors for other cardiovascular diseases, as well. Unlike the original CHADS2 score, which was based on a retrospective Medicare registry, CHA2DS2-VASc prospectively included patients from multiple countries who were aged 18 years and older.4 Patients were both ambulatory and hospitalized, and were followed for a total of 12 months. 2010; 137: 263272. The CHA2DS2-Vasc risk stratification is presented in the table below. All rights reserved. There are seven significant stroke risk factors in the CHA2DS2-Vasc scale. I love spending time with my family and friends. We analyzed metadata tags from MDCalc's calculator use data to the CHA2DS2-VASc score for atrial fibrillation stroke risk calculator. Chest 2010; March 18 [Epub ahead of print]. Apps Lab integrates the MdCalc CHADS-VASc Risk Calculator into Epic risk calculator, clinicians can call up the SEAL CHA 2DS 2-VASc Score for . CHADSVASC, CHA2DS2VASC and HASBLED risk score calculator for atrial fibrillation. In these patients (female < 65 years old without other risk factors), antithrombotic therapy should not be given. Take the bleeding risk into account offer anticoagulation to people with a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 2 or above, taking bleeding risk into account Epub 2010 Oct 21. But in everyday life, and with tools such as Omni's CHA2DS2 Vasc calculator, you don't have to worry about those things anymore. CHADSVASC, CHA2DS2VASC and HASBLED . Lip GY, Frison L, Halperin JL, Lane DA. David McAuley, Pharm.D. Math is a way of solving problems by using numbers and equations. CHA2DS2-VASc score 1,2 : Clinical prediction rule for assessing the risk of stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. You will also find some statistical data about the scoring and a short comment regarding anticoagulation. 65 0 65-74 +1 75 +2 sex female +1 male 0 chf history no 0 yes +1 hypertension history no. It is generally recommended that patients with a score >2 be started on warfarin, as the benefits of ischemic stroke prevention outweigh the bleeding risk. official version of the modified score here. When CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc was calculated, 52.3% had a score of 1 (stroke risk of 1.75%). We try our best to make our Omni Calculators as precise and reliable as possible. According to some studies, patients with a CHADS, Among patients aged 65-95 years old with non-valvular atrial fibrillation, very few (<7%) will be classified as low risk according to the CHADS. It risk stratifies these . However, it was widely discussed and eventually qualified as 'simple, broadly applicable, but with many potential detriments'. The Swedish Atrial Fibrillation cohort study allowed us to determine precisely the risk for particular results. Europace. CHADSVASC, CHA2DS2VASC and HASBLED risk score Stanford Emerging Apps Lab integrates the MdCalc CHADS-VASc Risk Calculator into Epic Shreya Shah, M.D.. The C statistic is a number between 0.5 (no better than chance) and 1.0 (perfect prediction) indicating predictive ability. 2 A HAS-BLED score of 3 indicates that caution is warranted when prescribing oral anticoagulation and regular review is recommended. In general, a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 1 should warrant strong consideration for full oral anticoagulation.2 The one exception, however, is in patients who have a score of 1 due to gender alone. A CHADS 2 of 0 is NOT low risk, and stroke rate can be as high as 3.2%/year if untreated ( Olesen et al, Thromb Haemostat 2012 ). by B Kummer 2021 Cited by 2 - We analyzed metadata tags from MDCalc's calculator use data to the CHA2DS2-VASc score for atrial fibrillation stroke risk calculator order now. Copyright 1993-2021 A high CHADS 2 score corresponds to a greater risk of stroke, while a low CHADS 2 score corresponds to a lower risk of stroke. CHADSVASC, CHA2DS2VASC and HASBLED risk score Stanford Emerging Apps Lab integrates the MdCalc CHADS-VASc Risk Calculator into Epic Shreya Shah, M.D.. RISK FACTORS. At 24/7 Customer Support, we are always here to help you with whatever you need. Eur Heart J. Be aware that they all refer to the same scale, the one that you see on the screen on your left. MDCalc recommends the CHA2DS2-VASc score over the original CHADS2 score to assess stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation. More sleep more happy i am, i can finally answer my modules faster thanks to this app. Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: the Task Force for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). If you want to improve your mathematics understanding, then get yourself a tutor. The SEAL team works directly with clinicians to 31% of the patients in their original study group were lost to follow-up at one year and thus were not included in the analysis. You'll also get a short comment about the CHA2DS2-Vasc risk stratification and any further recommendations.
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